Hadal amphipod - Hadal zone

However, the amphipods that live in the hadal zone are 20 times larger, up to 30 cm! This absence cannot be readily explained by other known environmental factors, such as temperature, as the Indian Ocean bottom temperatures lie between the warmer Mariana Trench and colder South Sandwich Trench.

B Heatmap showing the 43 shared function pathways with different abundances among the distinct amphipod gut microbial.

Some invertebrates do occur deeper, such as certain foraminifera, worms, sea cucumbers, snails and amphipods in excess of 10,000 m 33,000 ft.

Particularly among , amphipods are known as freshwater shrimp, scuds or sideswimmers.